Editor’s Note
This article explores the enduring legacy of Temple Jewellery, a revered Indian adornment tradition born from sacred architecture and craftsmanship. Its timeless appeal lies in its divine symbolism and classical artistry.
India is known as the land of temples, where every temple is not just a house of God but also a living testament to art, science, history, and culture. Inspired by these magnificent temples, Temple Jewellery was born—an adornment tradition that is still worn with great reverence today for its divinity and classical beauty.
Temple Jewellery is in itself a confluence of faith, craftsmanship, and tradition. Peacocks, lotuses, figures of deities, intricate carvings—every design conceals a story within. Traditionally made in gold, this jewellery is now also found in many modern styles adorned with rubies, emeralds, diamonds, and pearls. Heavy necklaces, thick bangles, dangling earrings, waistbands, anklets, and maang tikkas—all are part of its rich forms. Let’s learn about it in detail in the ‘Story of Jewellery’ series.
The history of Temple Jewellery is extremely ancient. It began when ornaments were made to adorn deities. This is why it was initially called ‘Ornaments of the Gods’.
The oldest clear evidence of this art is found during the reign of Rajaraja Chola I (985–1014 CE). The grand Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur, built by him, was considered the tallest and most magnificent temple in India at that time. The idols here were adorned with heavy, precious gold ornaments, which further enhanced the temple’s divine and regal image.
Over time, kings, queens, nobles, and wealthy devotees continued the tradition of adorning deities with jewellery. Skilled artisans from Tamil Nadu and Kerala have carried this tradition forward from generation to generation. Today, these same craftsmen prepare Temple Jewellery for deities, dancers, and common people. Harams, Nakshi jewellery, and Vanki armlets are still extremely popular.
The creation of Temple Jewellery is a long, meticulous, and highly skilled process.
1) Preparing the Design
Traditional sketches were made earlier; now CAD drawings are used. The design incorporates temple architecture, mythology, and traditional motifs.
2) Creating the Master Model
A prototype is prepared in 3D printed resin or metal. This base model becomes the standard for all subsequent copies.
3) Rubber Mould and Casting
Rubber moulds are prepared from the master model. Molten gold or silver is poured into these moulds for casting. Upon cooling, the mould breaks away, revealing the raw form of the jewellery.
4) Grinding and Soldering
Excess metal is cut away, then different parts are joined to shape the ornament.
5) Cleaning and Stone Setting
Nubs are removed, then gemstones are set using prong, bezel, channel, or pave settings.
6) Polishing and Plating
Polishing brings shine. Often, silver is gold-plated to make it more attractive and also to increase its resistance to scratches.
7) Special Traditional Elements
Special designs like the Shri Chakra motif, Vandyianam (waist ornament) are still the identity of Temple Jewellery.
8) Final Quality Check
Only after checking for loose stones, scratches, or colour discrepancies does this jewellery go to the market.
Today, machines are making this process faster and more economical, but its soul is still the same ancient craftsmanship.
In South India, the religious and cultural significance of wearing Temple Jewellery is profound. It is believed that wearing it brings good fortune, prosperity, and divine blessings. Designs like Manga Malai, Kasulaperu, and Vanki encapsulate the social, religious, and artistic heritage of South India. Its demand remains constant during festivals, dance performances, weddings, and worship—every occasion.
This centuries-old art has changed with time, but its core soul remains just as vibrant today.
Earlier, it was made only for deities and Bharatanatyam and Kuchipudi dancers. Today, it has become the first choice for South Indian brides. Film artists, fashion influencers, and designers are also adopting it in a modern style. From heavy gold jewellery to gold-plated fashion accessories—the allure of Temple Jewellery is captivating every generation.