Editor’s Note
The global 3D printing metal market is poised for explosive growth, with projections indicating it could reach nearly USD 5 trillion by 2033. This article examines the key drivers, including the adoption of bio-based materials, behind this remarkable expansion.
The global 3D printing metal market is projected to grow from USD 135.71 billion in 2025 to USD 4,830.94 billion by 2033, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.2% during the forecast period (2025–2033). The market’s growth is attributed to the increasing adoption of bio-based materials and the rapid expansion of the market.
Computer-aided design (CAD) models are used to create three-dimensional objects via 3D printing. This process of adding material layer by layer is called additive manufacturing (AM). 3D printing metals refer to metals used in 3D printing. Parts for 3D printing are used to create solid objects. These materials come in various forms, including ceramics, metals, and polymers. Designers, engineers, architects, surgeons, and other professionals use them to create realistic models for clients and students.
While thermoplastic plastics initially garnered the most attention, the range of 3D printing materials is expanding. Such advancements in 3D printing technology are expected to drive market growth. Metals, ceramics, glass, composites, plastics, paper, and printable bio-inks are all used in additive manufacturing (AM). In 2017, NASA announced the successful testing of an igniter composed of various metal alloys. This bimetallic composite technology could reduce rocket motor manufacturing costs by 33% and cut production time in half. Metals and metal alloys have advanced AM and 3D printing across various applications.
The environmental movement of the 2000s drove companies towards fully recyclable, compostable, and bio-derived products. Government regulations in several countries also support the use of these materials. Subsequently, research in the field of 3D printing has progressed with the aim of utilizing and shaping bio-based materials. As a result, it becomes possible to form food and living cells using 3D printing and biomaterials such as recycled paper and water.
Companies like Bioplastics launched “Biome3D,” a plant starch-based printing material, in September 2014. Similarly, another company, 3Dom USA, launched “Entwined,” an environmentally friendly 3D printing material based on hemp, in February 2016. This indicates the increasing penetration of bio-based materials in 3D printing. In fact, 3D printing materials are a type of additive manufacturing, known to generate relatively less waste compared to conventional technologies. With the demand for 3D printing, the demand for metals for 3D printing is expected to increase significantly. This factor is anticipated to drive global market growth. Intensive R&D in this field and continuous improvement of manufacturing processes are leading to a dramatic expansion of 3D printing technology. Consequently, new 3D printing materials, including metals, are being developed.
In the automotive industry, due to the high cost of materials and technology, 3D printing is primarily used for prototyping. As printers and materials become more affordable, 3D printing technology is predicted to grow dramatically in the automotive industry. NASA has adopted this technology for manufacturing rocket engines and satellite parts, and large companies like Boeing use it for producing aircraft interior components. Major corporations are also investing in this field, exploring new applications for 3D printing through strategies such as partnerships, acquisitions, and R&D. Dental implants, orthopedic implants, and hearing aids are among the most well-known applications of this technology in healthcare. These elements positively impact the 3D printing metal industry, accelerating its growth.
The price of 3D printers used for industrial applications is also very high, which suppresses the market expansion of 3D printers and printing materials. As a result, this factor is expected to significantly constrain the 3D printing materials market during the forecast period.
The automotive sector contributes the most to the market and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 22.6% during the forecast period. The automotive industry is an early adopter of 3D printing technology. It was the first sector to introduce 3D printing technology. Due to high production volumes, manufacturers in the automotive industry commonly use this technology for prototyping rather than part manufacturing. Modern technological innovations have made 3D printing more widely available, enabling the production of faster, lighter, and cheaper automotive parts. The most commonly used materials in automotive 3D printing are silica sand, ceramics, metals, and metal alloys. The growth is driven by the 3D printing industry’s utilization primarily for manufacturing affordable parts and accessories in the automotive sector.
North America leads the global 3D printing market and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 22.7%. The expanding application of 3D printed metals in the medical field is expected to drive market growth. 3D printing technology is utilized in manufacturing various medical devices and artificial parts widely used in the healthcare industry. The ability of 3D printing technology to produce lightweight parts and instruments from various materials is increasing the demand for 3D printed metals in the aerospace and automotive sectors in North America. The region’s 3D printing metal market is further driven by support from government agencies and increased R&D activities to explore new commercialization pathways for products.
The United States is a key country in the region due to substantial investments in 3D printing R&D. Currently, metals are the fastest-growing segment, driven by expanding adoption in aerospace and automotive. The defense industry follows, trailed by industrial, automotive, and other sectors. Key companies operating in the North American 3D printing materials market include 3D Systems, Stratasys, ExOne, Arkema, and Evonik AG. North America is expected to hold a significant share in the global 3D printing market as it has maintained a lead in technology adoption.
The aluminum segment contributes the most to the market and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 23.6% during the forecast period. 3D printed aluminum produces end-use metal parts that combine strength, lightness, and precision. Aluminum can be used to print various objects, including functional parts, spare parts, and jewelry. 3D printed aluminum is characterized by a matte texture and a slightly rough surface compared to traditionally machined aluminum. It is primarily used in Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS). Aluminum is easy to shape and can be used for functional parts requiring rigidity, lightness, high strength, and high precision. Furthermore, it offers excellent corrosion resistance, making it suitable for outdoor applications. The increase in aluminum 3D printing for automotive applications is expected to drive market growth.